British Fenestration Rating Council (BFRC)
The BFRC is the UK's most recognised authority for energy ratings of windows.
- Windows are rated from A++ (most efficient) to E (least efficient).
- The label provides information on:
- U-Value: Measures heat loss (W/m²K).
- Solar Gain (g-Value): Measures how well the window captures heat from sunlight.
- Air Leakage: The amount of air passing through the window frame.
UK Energy Label (Post-Brexit)
Following Brexit, the UK replaced the EU Energy Label with a UK-specific version.
- Similar A to G rating scale, but with UK-specific criteria for energy performance.
Understanding U-Values
U-Value is a key metric for window efficiency.
- Lower U-Values indicate better insulation performance.
- In the UK, a U-Value of 1.4 W/m²K or lower is recommended for energy-efficient windows.
Energy Efficiency Labels in the European Union
EU Energy Label (A to G)
The EU Energy Label was updated in 2021 to a simplified A to G scale.
- Energy performance is calculated based on climate zones, including Northern, Central, and Southern Europe.
- For windows, the focus is on:
- Thermal transmittance (U-Value).
- Solar factor (g-Value).
European Product Standards
Windows are assessed according to EN 14351-1 for performance characteristics.
Energy Efficiency Labels in the United States
ENERGY STAR® Certification
- Managed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
- Windows must meet strict energy efficiency criteria based on climate zones.
- The label indicates:
- U-Value
- Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)
- Visible Transmittance
National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) Labels
NFRC provides detailed performance information for windows:
- U-Factor
- Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)
- Visible Transmittance
Comparing Energy Labels: UK, EU, and US
| Region | Label | Rating Scale | Key Metrics |
|---|---|---|---|
| UK | BFRC, UK Energy Label | A++ to E | U-Value, g-Value, Air Leakage |
| EU | EU Energy Label | A to G | U-Value, g-Value, Climate Zones |
| US | ENERGY STAR®, NFRC | Custom per region | U-Value, SHGC, Visible Transmittance |
Choosing the Right Windows
- For UK homes, prioritise BFRC A+ or A++ windows for maximum efficiency.
- For EU properties, consider windows suitable for your climate zone (North, Central, or South).
- In the US, look for ENERGY STAR® certified windows suited to your climate region.
Conclusion
Understanding energy efficiency labels for windows is key to making informed decisions. Whether you are in the UK, EU, or US, choosing the right windows can enhance comfort, reduce energy costs, and support sustainability.
